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Goodwin, M., Dexter, N., & Rodríguez, J. (2010). What Are the Causes of Systolic Murmurs in Young Children? Evidence Based Practice. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_fmr-0019
Innocent or functional murmurs are the most common, present at some point in 50% to 90% of children, typically between 2 and 7 years of age. (SOR B, based on a cohort study.) Systolic murmurs due to systemic diseases or infections are the next most common, with anemia being the most frequent cause. (SOR C, based on a narrative review.) Congenital heart disease is the least common cause of a systolic murmur, occurring in less than 1% of the general population. (SOR B, based on a systematic review of cohort studies.)
Goodwin, M., Dexter, N., & Rodríguez, J. (2010). What Are the Causes of Systolic Murmurs in Young Children? Evidence Based Practice. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_fmr-0019