Behavioral Assessment of Finger-Counting on SNARC

Individuals tend to exhibit implicit, cognitive associations between numbers and space. Small numbers become associated with the left side of their bodies and large numbers with the right side of their bodies. This "spatial-numerical association of response codes" (SNARC) provides evidence that individuals tend to sort their spatial orientations along a mental number line. Since most cultures promote the use of finger-counting as a universal means for learning to work with numbers, it is believed that the directionality of finger-counting (from left to right or right to left) affects the way we link numbers and space in adulthood. To assess finger-directionality, past studies have utilized self-report questionnaires; however, recent findings have suggested a new measure that classifies finger-directionality by observing natural finger-counting habits and circumvents the biases associated with self-report. In the current study with a sample of ninety-four college students, when using self-report to categorize counting habits, we found a statistically significant difference between groups; right-starters displayed the SNARC effect while left-starters did not. However, when using observed behaviors to categorize counting habits, we did not find a statistically significant difference between left and right starters. These findings suggest that finger-counting hands do not predict the SNARC effect, which is consistent with the flexibility of the effect itself.