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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
An objective index of the onset and demise of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is introduced. This index has the advantage of simplicity by using only one readily available variable, All-India rainfall (AIR), which has been reliably...
Late spring or early summer brings an abrupt onset of a wet season to Peninsular Florida (PF). High daily rain rates are sustained throughout the summer until the demise of the wet season in autumn. Prediction of the Peninsular Florida...
In the presence of water vapor, photolysis of tropospheric ozone (O3) produces the hydroxyl radical (OH), which is a strong oxidant that directly and indirectly controls a host of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. When tropospheric O3...
Understanding and predicting the inner-core structure and intensity change of tropical cyclones (TCs) remains one of the biggest challenges in tropical meteorology. This study addresses this challenge by investigating the formation, ...
An accurate representation of air-sea interaction is crucial to the accurate numerical prediction of ocean, weather, and climate. It is known that sea surface temperature (SST) gradients and surface currents in the oceanic mesoscale...
Although spheres and spheroids have been used extensively by researchers as convenient models to approximate "snowflakes" when computing their microwave scattering properties, recent research indicates that the scattering properties of...
The warm core structure of a tropical cyclone (TC) has been previously analyzed through aircraft observations, dropsondes, satellite-borne Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) data, and numerical simulations. It has been shown that...
Gravity measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite measuring system show that Greenland is losing mass as water is lost to the ocean. Past work has suggested that the freshwater flux from Greenland, ...
The ice shelves in the Western Antarctic have seen an increase in melt over the past decade, mainly due to basal melting induced by underlying warm, salty Circumpolar Deep Water. Seal data in the Bellingshausen Sea provides extensive...
The background state of the Arctic atmosphere under prolonged warming is analyzed by evaluating blended CFSR-CFSv2 reanalysis data from an isentropic lens, where potential temperature is used as the vertical coordinate and the principle...
At the same temperature, below 0oC, the saturation vapor pressure (SVP) over ice is slightly less than the SVP over liquid water. Numerical models use the Clausius-Clapeyron relation to calculate the SVP and relative humidity, but there...
Fundamental to an understanding of El Niño/Southern Oscillation climate fluctuations is an understanding of the interannual equatorial Pacific surface flows, which advect the surface waters and change the sea surface temperature. While...
Changes in cloud properties in response to surface warming have been consistently identified as the feedback contributing the largest uncertainty in the overall climate feedback parameter, which describes changes in top of atmosphere...
After decades of focused research into tropical cyclone (TC) dynamics and evolution, operational centers are now able to predict TC track out to a lead time of five days with a high degree of accuracy. However, during this time, forecast...
Tropical waves are important tropical and global weather/climate systems as well as carriers for redistributing global energy. For decades, a multitude of tropical wave theories that attempt to explain the origins and maintenance...
Interactions between clouds, water vapor, radiation, and circulation influence the organization of tropical convection, and the development of tropical cyclones (TCs). This includes the self-aggregation (SA) of convection in idealized...
The high frequency of cyclogenesis in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico is often attributed to warm sea surface temperature. In this thesis, the importance of surface fluxes were documented to understand the air-sea interaction effect on...
Quantifying Earth's carbon budget remains an imperative task in the carbon cycle science community. Among its challenges, assessing carbon fluxes over the Arctic Ocean remains an arduous task, due to its remoteness and difficulty to...
Fire is a natural phenomenon that plays pivotal roles in terrestrial ecosystems but is ultimately tightly bound to human influence. In the United States (U.S.), fires (wildfires, prescribed fires, and agricultural fires) are the leading...
While a number of research groups offer quantitative diagnostic indices of aggregate annual Atlantic Basin tropical cyclone (TC) activity, the literature is comparatively thin concerning methods to similarly quantify seasonal U.S....
Severe weather indices are empirical tools developed by meteorologists to assist in predicting severe weather. The Storm Prediction Center’s (SPC) Mesoanalysis website lists 23 composite indices. All of the listed composite indices are...
The diurnal variations from a high-resolution regional climate model (Regional Spectral Model; RSM) are analyzed from 6 independent decade long integrations using lateral boundary forcing data separately from the National Centers for...
Prescribed fires and wildfires are widespread sources of air pollutants. Prescribed fires, which are used for agriculture, fire hazard reduction, and land clearing, last only several hours and their locations change from one day to the...
The understanding of the evolution of a Tropical Cyclone (TC) has been a topic of research for several years. During the hurricane season not all thunderstorm events embedded in the African easterly waves or otherwise evolve into...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
