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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Past research suggests that reading comprehension performance relies not solely on cognitive skills such as decoding, vocabulary, and inference skills, but also on attention and behavior. Specifically, the literature has pointed to...
Older adults with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) can experience daily Prospective Memory (PM) challenges that can affect their ability to manage day-to-day tasks, maintain their health, and sustain relationships with family...
Power promotes a broad motivational orientation associated with approach and action. Power also insulates its holder from punishment and other costs of mistakes. I hypothesize that these factors encourage powerful individuals to use...
Development of the central nervous system is guided by patterns of molecular expression and by cellular interactions. One important component of the cellular interactions that guide development of neural pathways relates to the...
Recent research on structural priming has found that cumulative priming effects established in one experimental session can persist for a week and affect a participant's subsequent linguistic productions (e.g., Kaschak, Kutta, &...
Eating disorders are serious psychiatric illnesses associated with high rates of suicidal behavior. One potential explanation for the increased rate of suicidality in individuals with eating disorders is the high rate of comorbidity...
Although prevalent, death by suicide is a statistically rare event – making it difficult to identify factors that can best predict behavioral risk and inform suicide risk assessment and management. Experimental tests of theories of...
Two experiments tested the competing item-specific and semantic cohesion hypotheses of emotional memory enhancement. The item-specific hypothesis predicts that emotional words receive more item-specific and less relational processing...
Prior research on suicide has cited impulsivity as a risk factor, yet little is known about the actual relationship between these variables. According to Joiner's (2005) interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidality, impulsive people...
Hate crimes are thought to result in greater psychological and emotional harm to the victim and to other members of the targeted group than to others. Students, 46 African Americans and 52 Whites, viewed a one-minute videotaped news...
Personality has been found to have significant connections to language. Ranging from impacting narrative style, to informing expectations about others based on linguistic factors such as accent, personality affects both language...
Despite increases in the numbers of children and adolescents seeking and receiving mental health treatment, rates of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) in youth continue to rise. In the hopes of aiding ongoing efforts to...
Examination of the structure of autism symptoms is critical to understanding of the phenotype and is particularly timely given changes proposed for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5; http://www.dsm5.org)....
The current study evaluated the performance of an emergent construct known as effortful control (EC) in predicting fearful responding to a biological stressor. EC refers to an individual difference variable thought to describe the...
An interactive model of bulimic symptom development, first suggested by Vohs et al. (1999), was tested in middle-aged women (mean age = 45.19). The hypothesis that women high in perfectionism, low in self-esteem, and who perceive...
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a psychiatric condition that results in considerable functional impairment. One risk and maintaining factor of AUD is hostility, which is characterized by a generally suspicious and cynical view of other...
Secular gains in intelligence test scores have perplexed researchers since they were documented by Flynn (1984, 1987), but few have attempted to understand them as a cognitive phenomenon. Gains are most pronounced on seemingly "culture...
Morphological knowledge, which refers to a conscious awareness of or the ability to use the smallest units of meaning in a language, may be important in learning to read English. However, the underlying nature of this construct is not...
An Expert-Performance Approach to the Study of the Development of Understanding during Complex Learning: Capturing the Development of Understanding of the 8-Puzzle and Its Mechanism
The question of "what is better understanding during complex learning" has intrigued researchers in different fields of psychology and education for decades. However, it has been difficult to study and monitor the development of...
Cell phone and mobile technology use, rising among U.S. teenagers in the decades since its introduction, is now pervasive among high school students (http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Tech.aspx). With the observed...
The current study examines the effect that reading a list of warning signs for suicide has on beliefs about suicide. All participants read two sets of warning signs (with only the experimental group reading the suicide warning signs) and...
The effect of alcohol on performance during single-feature and conjunctive-features visual search tasks was examined in 18 normal, young adult participants (nine women), using a counterbalanced, within-subjects design that examined...
This thesis aims to show a relationship between mental imagery and sensory perception through texts that prime change blindness between mental images and visual displays. In Experiment 1, participants read short texts depicting a visual...
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in the domains of communication, social interaction, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors (American...
The official nosology of psychiatric disorders (DSM-5) includes a primarily dimensional operationalization of personality pathology, the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), in its latest edition. The present study...
Leaders often are faced with making difficult decisions for their group, such as when a course of action preferred by group members conflicts with one that is likely to optimize group outcomes. Across five studies, I provide evidence...
Anxiety disorders occur early in development and are one of the most common forms of psychopathology in children. Moreover, anxiety is associated with persistent impairment across the lifespan; therefore, investigating mechanisms that...
Objectives: Some, but not all, studies have found prior depression to predict later cognitive decline (CD). To date, little research has investigated whether certain subtypes of depression are more disposed to CD. We identified...
Engaging in a period of rest following encoding has been shown to lead to better retention on a subsequent recall test than performing an inter-test task. Brain imaging studies have shown that there is reactivation during post-encoding...
The growing prevalence of computers, tablets, and educational apps in academic settings has prompted many researchers to investigate the potential benefits and drawbacks of this technology. One of the ways that this technology can...
The present study examined four kinds of vocabulary knowledge: Definitional knowledge, using vocabulary in context, relational knowledge, and morphological knowledge. A measure was developed that assessed all four kinds of vocabulary...
As a kind of controlled cognition, strategically reinstating an encoding process to facilitate retrieval of specific subsets of information is more cognitively costly than more automatic forms of retrieval. Although strategic...
The current project sought to examine a typology for classifying substance abusers based on personality dimensions (introversion-hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) that differentially predicts...
Dominance and prestige represent two fundamental strategies people use to navigate social hierarchies. Despite a growing literature on the psychology of dominance- and prestige-oriented leaders, less is known about how those strategies...
Several studies have examined age differences in eye movement behavior during normal reading, but have not determined the causes of these differences. Therefore, the current experiment investigated two possible causes of age differences...
The aim of the present study was twofold, to attempt to reduce false memories with the experimental manipulation of giving feedback; and to assess factors that potentially increase suggestibility to false memories, such as stress. In...
Sexual minority individuals experience significant mental health disparities compared to the overall population, including significantly increased risk for suicide. This disparity is partially explained through the interconnected...
In the face of a competitive marketplace, businesses are searching for effective solutions to managing employee work behavior. One such approach is through the systematic application of Organizational Behavior Management. While...
Objective: There is substantial variability in early diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), suggesting heterogeneity in clinical presentation. The present study aims to identify distinct profiles of social communication...
Years of research on various forms of goal setting interventions, specifically assigned versus participative, continue to yield inconclusive results. While many articles indicate that assigned goals produce results comparable to or even...
Recent research using TF analysis has suggested that two processes underlie performance feedback event-related potentials (ERPs): a reward sensitive process in the delta range (delta-reward positivity; 0-3 Hz) and a loss sensitive...
Most people believe in free will, but what happens when this belief is challenged? Psychologists have shown that reducing belief in free will causes a variety of behavioral consequences (Vohs & Schooler, 2008; Baumeister, Masicampo, &...
Background: As suicide rates have continued to rise, suicide prevention efforts turned toward identifying factors through which initial onset of suicidal ideation (SI) transitions to attempted suicide. Evidence suggests that when...
Informing a test taker about the presence of MMPI-2 validity scales has been shown to facilitate one's ability to dissimulate while simultaneously eluding test invalidation (Baer & Sekirnjak, 1997; Baer & Wetter, 1997; Baer, Wetter, &...
Differentiation of Obsessive-Compulsive, Anxiety Disordered and Non-Disordered Individuals by Variation in the Promoter Region of the Serotonin Transporter Gene
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a severe and debilitating anxiety disorder with relatively little known about its etiology. The serotonin-transporter gene is one likely place to start investigating the genotypes associated with...
The majority of alcohol use occurs in a social context, and emergent research suggests that the use of alcohol in a social context may be central to alcohol’s reinforcing effects; however, the relationship between social context and...
Although social support variables have long been associated with psychological well-being, and in particular, depressive symptoms, few studies have examined the causal association between social support and depressive symptoms. The...
Previous research has indicated that blunted cortisol production is associated with the existence of psychopathic personality traits in men but not women. The current study explored whether prior null results for women were related to...
Past research has shown that social rejection predicts a wide range of psychological problems, including the development of depression, anxiety, and aggressive behavior. In addition, rejection by others appears to maintain and exacerbate...
The Confederate flag is a symbol rich with meaning. While public debate has focused largely on which perception of the Confederate flag is the most appropriate, it is equally important to understand the consequences of being exposed to...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
