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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
An atmospheric model is coupled to a sea surface temperature algorithm that calculates the diurnal variability in order to understand the responses to near surface winds and boundary layer temperature, pressure, and moisture in the north...
Tropical atmospheric waves play a major role in the variability and change of weather and climate in the tropics as well as in the globe. They also interact with other tropical systems such as tropical cyclones (TCs) and El Niño-Southern...
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) provide much of the annual rainfall over central equatorial Africa (CEA) during the March-April-May (MAM) and September-October-November (SON) rainy seasons. The characteristics and propagation of...
In the presence of water vapor, photolysis of tropospheric ozone (O3) produces the hydroxyl radical (OH), which is a strong oxidant that directly and indirectly controls a host of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. When tropospheric O3...
A combination of observational and numerical analyses is used to investigate hurricane boundary layer (BL) structure in the context of intensity change. These analyses refer to hurricanes in three modes of intensity change: intensifying ...
This study develops nudging methods of data assimilation that will expand the utility of the forthcoming GOES-R satellite series by including data from the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) and Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). We...
In recent decades, many research efforts focused on global climate change, multidecadal, decadal, interannual variability, and the increasing extreme events of sea surface temperature. In contrast, the continuous evolution of the...
Deep convection is an important component of atmospheric circulations that affects many aspects of weather and climate. Therefore, improved understanding and realistic simulations of deep convection are critical to both operational and...
A novel method for assimilating precipitation observations into a numerical weather prediction model is presented and evaluated for a case study of a monsoon rainfall event over the Asian subcontinent. The method, known as physical...
The effects of mesoscale (50-1000km) sea surface temperature (SST) variability on tropical cyclones (TCs) are investigated with model simulations of an idealized TC as well as simulations of Hurricane Igor (2010) using the Weather...
Over the past few decades, numerical weather prediction (NWP) models (and by extension human forecasts) have evolved markedly due to better meteorological understanding, improved observations, data assimilation, physics parameterization, ...
Although spheres and spheroids have been used extensively by researchers as convenient models to approximate "snowflakes" when computing their microwave scattering properties, recent research indicates that the scattering properties of...
Atmospheric water vapor is a potent greenhouse gas, and its variations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) have important climate impacts. The water vapor budget of tropical cyclones (TCs) and their impact on the UTLS...
The 10–20-day mode of surface winds is examined in the Indian Ocean, with special reference to the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the equatorial Indian Ocean during a strong (1994), weak (2002), and normal (1995) Indian summer...
The scopes of this thesis research are two folds: the first one is to the construct the intensity-based composite radial-vertical profiles of tropical cyclones (TC) using GPS-based dropsonde observations and the second one is to identify...
Using the Moist Static Energy Variance Budget to Evaluate Tropical Cyclones in Climate Models Against Reanalyses and Satellite Observations: Model Resolution, Ocean Coupling, and Cloud Interactions
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are observed in general circulation models (GCMs) as well as reanalyses. However, itis known that GCMs and reanalyses struggle to accurately represent TCs and have biases in the TC frequency and intensity...
Interactions of Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) with upper tropospheric flow are identified in 37 years of ERA-Interim reanalysis data and analyzed from multiple perspectives. Upper tropospheric troughs are identified in a more...
Tropical cyclone intensity prediction is an issue at the forefront of mesoscale numerical weather prediction efforts because it is an area where historically there have been only small improvements, and yet much more progress is needed...
The size of a tropical cyclone (TC) is a critical structure parameter that is associated with the greatest extent of societal impacts, and it can be estimated by several different metrics depending on the variable used. In this study, a...
After decades of focused research into tropical cyclone (TC) dynamics and evolution, operational centers are now able to predict TC track out to a lead time of five days with a high degree of accuracy. However, during this time, forecast...
Tropical waves are important tropical and global weather/climate systems as well as carriers for redistributing global energy. For decades, a multitude of tropical wave theories that attempt to explain the origins and maintenance...
The threat of anthropogenic climate change on extreme weather events such as extreme heat and cold warrants an investigation to improve how extreme weather is identified and forecasted. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC...
Different phases of precipitation would bring different hydrological impacts. For example, rainfall would become streamflow and increase surface runoffs, while snow would accumulate and increase surface albedo, acting as a crucial driver...
Using data from the National Hurricane Center's (NHC's) Best Track archive, it is found that there are local minima and maxima of occurrence of tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the southwest North Atlantic basin where sea-surface...
Quantifying Earth's carbon budget remains an imperative task in the carbon cycle science community. Among its challenges, assessing carbon fluxes over the Arctic Ocean remains an arduous task, due to its remoteness and difficulty to...
This study explores whether or not tropical cyclone (TC) structure information may be retrieved from satellite total ozone observations and how to link total ozone with analysis fields for potential application to TC vortex...
While a number of research groups offer quantitative diagnostic indices of aggregate annual Atlantic Basin tropical cyclone (TC) activity, the literature is comparatively thin concerning methods to similarly quantify seasonal U.S....
Moist convection in the tropics often evolves from randomly scattered cells to organized structures varying across different spatial and temporal scales such as mesoscale convective systems (MCS), easterly waves, or the MJO. Scientists...
The rapid development and sub-synoptic scale nature of the Genoa low in the Mediterranean Sea poses a forecasting challenge for United States Air Force (USAF). The Genoa low is a high-impact event for several Department of Defense (DOD)...
Precise satellite snowfall and rainfall measurements are crucial for the global water budget since there are immense climate and water resource applications. The validation of these satellite measurements is therefore necessary for...
According to the United States Department of Transportation (US DOT), an average of over 28, 000 crashes and almost 500 deaths annually occurred as a result of fog-related vehicular accidents. In Florida, the January 2008 and January 2012...
Low-level wind shear (LLWS) is one of the most common aviation hazards in both clear and bad weather conditions. Low-level wind shear is dangerous for landing or taking off activities because it can cause the aircraft to overshoot or...
East African "shorts rains" variability has long been a subject of interest both for its complexity and its sometimes dire human impacts. Four large-scale factors are thought to influence the shorts rains: Niño 3.4, the IOZM, and the...
The movement of precipitation around the Earth has an integral impact on fresh water availability, vegetation, and the occurrence of natural disasters, and therefore human society at large. In the African Sahel, the rainfall is the...
Non-tropical marine miniature supercells are storms that occur in the southeastern United States and over large bodies of water, such as the Gulf of Mexico. Those that form offshore of the Florida Panhandle prompt many special marine...
Buoys are a common source of validation data for remote sensing over the open ocean and are one of only a small number of in situ sources in this data sparse region. Previous studies have shown the presence of a low wind speed bias for...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
