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We present the results of our numerical studies on the transport properties of strongly correlated nanostructures, particularly quantum dots and single molecules. The main focus is on correlation, interference and phononic effects....
High magnetic fields are used to kill superconductivity and probe what happens to system when it cannot reach the ideal ground state, i.e. what is the normal-state ground state? Early work in High-Tc, where the application of magnetic...
The exploration of new paradigms for micro- and nanoelectronics has engendered several exciting new research fields including molecular electronics and spintronics. Two essential ingredients of the device structures are materials and...
We present the calculation of Next-to-Leading-Order Quantum Chromo Dynamics corrections for the production of W or Z weak bosons associated with a bottom anti-bottom quark pair at hadron colliders (ppbar, pp to W/Z bbbar), including the...
Molecular magnets containing one or more open shell elements are one of the proposed systems for quantum information processing that can be chemically engineered to have well-separated and stable quantum states. This dissertation...
The heavy fermion intermetallic compound URu₂Si₂ continues to attract attention owing mainly to the occurrence of an unknown ordered state at T₀ ~ 17.5 K that is referred to as "hidden order" (HO). HO remains enigmatic, despite more than...
Supersymmetric grand unified models based on the SO(10) gauge group are especially attractive in light of recent data on neutrino masses. The simplest SO(10) SUSY GUT models predict unification of third generation Yukawa couplings (t –b ...
Low-spin states were studied in 30Al following the β decay of 30Mg produced in the fragmentation of 140 MeV/AMU 48Ca. Analysis of the β-γ and β-γ-γ coincidences revealed a new 1+ state at 2413 keV, confirmation of the level scheme, and a...
The gas within dark matter halos of galaxies and clusters contains information about the baryon content of the universe that is not found anywhere else. Precise understanding of the nuances of this gas is critical to understanding the...
This dissertation is a systematic theoretical effort to investigate the low-energy properties of random antiferromagnetic quantum spin-1/2 systems beyond one dimension. We use the celebrated real space renormalization group (RSRG)...
We examine two wave function optimization methods for producing the ground state. The first is a novel method for optimizing the location of the nodes of the fermion ground-state using a combination of diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and...
An inverse kinematic proton scattering experiment was performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) using the GRETINA-S800 detector system in conjunction with the Ursinus College liquid hydrogen target. $\gamma$...
The purpose of this dissertation is to study different properties of the transition metal oxides, especially the high-Tc superconductors. Applying Monte Carlo methods to a Spin- Fermion model, the behavior of the band structure, Fermi...
The use of single nucleon and two-like nucleon knockout reactions of medium to heavy mass exotic beams on light targets has proven an invaluable tool in exploring nuclear properties away from the valley of β-stability up to the proton...
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are rather homogeneous astrophysical objects and can be used as cosmological distance ladders. Despite that, significant diversity among SNe Ia luminosity (by a factor of ~ 10) and spectral properties have...
The polymerization of acrylamide monomers in the presence of surfactant selfassemblies produces gels with variable pore architecture. Polyacrylamide gels were formed by polymerizing acrylamide plus a cross-linker in the presence of...
A quantum computer must be capable of manipulating quantum information while at the same time protecting it from error and loss of quantum coherence due to interactions with the environment. Topological quantum computation (TQC) offers a...
Observations indicate that massive stars ends their lives violently, but exactly how massive they need to be remains an astrophysical challenge. Stellar evolution predicts make two fundamental predictions about the fate of massive stars....
Elemental chromium is an itinerant, antiferromagnet with an incommensurate spin and charge density wave structure below 311 kelvin. The Fermi surface in this state is a direct result of the three dimensional nesting of large portions of...
Several materials have been investigated in order to study charge and spin processes in anisotropic materials, particularly in high magnetic fields. The behavior of charge carriers in graphite based material, such as bulk graphite, ...
This dissertation investigates the entanglement properties of extended quantum systems which exhibit either long-range order or quantum criticality. While we mainly focus on the von Neumann entanglement entropy, the mutual information is...
We have developed a method for rapid, massively-parallel assembly and alignment of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) on a solid-state substrate. The results opened the possibility of production of SWCNT-based integrated circuits. In...
This dissertation describes spin injection, transport, and detection experiments from Fe electrodes into a bulk AlGaAs channel. This semiconducting alloy is one of a class of persistent photoconductors, chosen as the spin transport...
Processes involving the production of electroweak gauge bosons(W±, Z, γ) or a Higgs boson with b jets play a very important role in stress testing the Standard Model and constitute major backgrounds in most searches of new physics beyond...
The Standard Model (SM) describes almost all the particle physics experiments with a high accuracy. However, the SM has a lot of conceptual problems (spontaneous symmetry breaking is introduced by hand, the Higgs boson mass has to be...
Doubly-connected superconducting loops are a class of superconducting devices of longstandinginterest in fundamental physics and practical applications. They have been studied since early 1960s and have received intensive recent interest...
In the first two chapters of this dissertation, the total cross sections for 38 different reaction products produced in the interaction of 48Ca, 40S and 42S beams at energies around 100 MeV/nucleon with a liquid deuterium target are...
The ¹⁷F(p, γ)¹⁸Ne reaction plays an important role in various astrophysical processes. However, direct measurements of (p, γ) reactions involving radioactive nuclei will remain difficult even at cutting-edge facilities in the near future....
This dissertation describes a measurement of the muon charge asymmetry from W&rarr&mu&nu decay using 7.3 fb-1 of data collected from April 2002 to July 2010 using the D0 detector at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The measurement...
Measurements of γp → pη Differential Cross Sections and γp → pω Differential Cross Sections and Spin Density Matrix Elements ρ0, ρ3 Using CLAS at Jefferson Lab: A Study of the Production Mechanisms
Meson photoproduction off the nucleon has long been serving as a tool for understanding the properties of hadrons. At lower energy scales, the production mechanisms are dominated by the $s$-channel inelastic scattering process, where the...
Understanding the theory of how massive stars die is an important astrophysical challenge. An important result in core-collapse supernova (CCSN) theory is that spherically-symmetric, one-dimensional simulations routinely fail to explode, ...
Compute grids for applications have the potential to solve significant issues which contribute to low data processing and publication rates. This potential includes an ability to transparently manage large amounts of data and to greatly...
Geometrically frustrated systems have garnered much interest in recent times due to the emergence of novel magnetic states in these systems that contrast traditional cooperative magnetic phenomena. The spin ice pyrochlores Ho2Ti2O7 and...
The Search for N* Resonances: Measurement of Differential Cross Sections and Polarization Observables for γp → pω and γp → K0Σ+ Using Circularly-Polarized Photons at CLAS, Jefferson Lab
The study of baryon resonances offers a deeper understanding of the strong interaction, since the dynamics and relevant degrees of freedom hidden within them are reflected by the properties of these states. The baryon resonances have...
The 14C(14C, d) reaction at 22 MeV was used to study Tz=2 26Na. Charged particles were detected with a Si detector telescope at 0º, and γ transitions in coincidence were detected with an array of three Compton-suppressed "clover"...
We performed forecasts of the uncertainty with which future surveys will measure the cosmological parameters of the non-flat ΛCDM model, extended to include the sum of neutrino masses Σν, and the effective number of relativistic species...
The set of valence-bond states --- states in which localized spin-1/2 particles are correlated in singlet pairs said to be connected by valence bonds --- provides a useful basis for visualizing singlet ground states of quantum spin...
The question of how do the properties of nuclei evolve with increasing excitation energy and angular momentum is one of the current frontiers in nuclear physics. State of the art $gamma$-ray detector systems have been used to investigate...
The technique of studying nuclear structure under the rigors of high angular momentum through the examination of γ-ray cascades has recently undergone an explosion in productivity. These advances have been brought on primarily by the...
Despite over thirty years of research, the origin of high-temperature superconductivity remains unsolved. In these thirty years, the phase diagram for the rst-discovered high-temperature superconductors, the cuprates, has been found to...
One of the primary goals of modern condensed matter physics is to elucidate the nature of the ground state in various electronic systems. Many correlated electron materials, such as high temperature superconductors, geometrically...
Results are reported on the reaction gamma p -> p p anti-p with beam energy in the range 4.8-5.5 GeV. The data were collected at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in CLAS experiment E01-017(G6C). The focus of this study...
Cryo-electron microscopy (or cryoEM) is a rapidly expanding field with many research groups developing new methods and hardware every day. cryoEM is now on its way to replace X-ray crystallography as the method of choice to study...
Bosons play an important role in the study of emergent phenomena, such as the appearance of effective degrees of freedom, symmetries, and phase transitions. In this work, we use an ensemble of Hamiltonians with two-body interactions with...
Heavy stable charged particles (HSCPs) have been searched for at the Large Hadron Collider since its initial data taking in 2010. The search for heavy stable charged particles provide a means of directly probing the new physics realm, as...
Backbending, Seniority and Pauli Blocking of Pairing Correlations at High Rotational Frequencies in Rapidly Rotating Nuclei: A Systematic Analysis of Er, Yb, Hf and W Isotopes and Nuclear Structure Studies of ¹⁷⁹, ¹⁸⁰W, ¹⁶⁰, ¹⁶¹Gd and ¹⁵⁵Sm
The goal of nuclear structure experiments is to understand how properties of nuclei evolve as a function of key observables such as proton and neutron numbers, deformation, angular momentum and excitation energy, to name a few. In order...
In this dissertation, I present a study of a wide range of organic and inorganic materials using radio frequency (rf) measurement methods. The organic samples under study were λ-(BETS )2 GaCl4 and λ-(BETS )2 FeCl4 . In the λ-(BETS )2...
I study thermonuclear explosions of White Dwarf (WD) stars, or so-called Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). A WD is the final stage of stellar evolution of a star with an initial mass of less than 8 Solar masses, and the thermonuclear...
Halide Perovskites have recently risen as a new class of optoelectronic materials. Remarkable optical and electrical properties have led to the demonstration of various perovskite-based devices such as solar cells1, LEDs2-5, ...
This dissertation investigates the transport properties of unconventional superconductors which differ from the conventional superconductors on two aspects, one is the pairing symmetry of the order parameter, the other is the net...
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