Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Development of the central nervous system is guided by patterns of molecular expression and by cellular interactions. One important component of the cellular interactions that guide development of neural pathways relates to the...
Recent research on structural priming has found that cumulative priming effects established in one experimental session can persist for a week and affect a participant's subsequent linguistic productions (e.g., Kaschak, Kutta, &...
Eating disorders are serious psychiatric illnesses associated with high rates of suicidal behavior. One potential explanation for the increased rate of suicidality in individuals with eating disorders is the high rate of comorbidity...
Examination of the structure of autism symptoms is critical to understanding of the phenotype and is particularly timely given changes proposed for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5; http://www.dsm5.org)....
Secular gains in intelligence test scores have perplexed researchers since they were documented by Flynn (1984, 1987), but few have attempted to understand them as a cognitive phenomenon. Gains are most pronounced on seemingly "culture...
The mammalian olfactory bulb (OB) has a vast population of dopamine (DA) neurons, whose function is to increase odor discrimination through mostly inhibitory synaptic mechanisms. However, it is not well understood whether there is more...
Cell phone and mobile technology use, rising among U.S. teenagers in the decades since its introduction, is now pervasive among high school students (http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Teens-and-Tech.aspx). With the observed...
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in the domains of communication, social interaction, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors (American...
Anxiety is a naturally occurring adaptive response to potential threat, and inappropriate overrepresentation of the anxiety response can classify an anxiety disorder. Women are likelier than men to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders, ...
The present study examined four kinds of vocabulary knowledge: Definitional knowledge, using vocabulary in context, relational knowledge, and morphological knowledge. A measure was developed that assessed all four kinds of vocabulary...
As a kind of controlled cognition, strategically reinstating an encoding process to facilitate retrieval of specific subsets of information is more cognitively costly than more automatic forms of retrieval. Although strategic...
Recent research using TF analysis has suggested that two processes underlie performance feedback event-related potentials (ERPs): a reward sensitive process in the delta range (delta-reward positivity; 0-3 Hz) and a loss sensitive...
My research is designed to test the hypothesis that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the non-coding region of the GCH1 gene suppresses GCH1 mRNA translation and generates a novel peptide, and that both of these phenomena...
Although social support variables have long been associated with psychological well-being, and in particular, depressive symptoms, few studies have examined the causal association between social support and depressive symptoms. The...
Relations between stimuli (contingencies, dependencies, etc.) provide valuable information about regularities and uncertainties in the environment. Statistical and associative mechanisms thought to be responsible for learning such...
A subpopulation of neurons in the chick cochlear nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis (NM), dies following cochlea removal. Previous studies using a "candidate molecule" approach, in which molecules known to regulate cell death in other...
It is well established that estrogens suppress feeding primarily by reducing meal size, and that this is partly mediated by enhancement of the response to satiation signals. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) acts on receptor populations...
Have you ever noticed when you are hungry and looking for something to eat, you can smell the freshly salted fries of McDonalds before seeing the golden arches? That is because our sense of smell, olfaction, is intimately linked with...
This manuscript uses sound localization circuitry in the chick brainstem to examine the balance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission maintained by neural circuits. This is a particular challenge in sensory systems, like the...
The current fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) differentiates individuals with conduct disorder according to the presence vs. absence of “limited...
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is a major public health concern, resulting in detrimental health effects in the mother and her offspring. The adverse behavioral consequences for children with developmental nicotine exposure include...
Studies on the efficacy of mental health courts (MHCs), criminal courts designed to decrease the number of mentally ill offenders in the criminal justice system and limit time spent incarcerated, find a reduction in recidivism rates for...
Genetic animal models have become an increasingly useful tool in addressing pathophysiological changes in neuropsychiatric disorders at the molecular, synaptic and circuitry levels. Previous genetic and postmortem studies have identified...
Neurcognitive Function and Dementia in Early versus Late-Onset Depression: Relation to the Glucocorticoid Cascade and Prodrome Hypotheses of Depression and Dementia
Depression is associated with subsequent dementia in older adults, and two distinct, but not mutually exclusive, hypotheses have been suggested to account for this relationship. The "glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis" posits depression...
There is a well-established relationship between the olfactory and the endocrine systems. At the center of this relationship sits the olfactory bulb, which acts as a relay station for the sense of smell. In fact, neurons in the olfactory...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) embodies a spectrum of complex, pervasive, and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. There is not one single identified cause, but is instead composed of dynamically diverse etiologies and...
Over recent years, sensors have increasingly become used to improve the performance of humans. Popular sensors provide a cost efficient way to gather various inputs ranging from temperature to movements to sound. Today, smartphones are...
Elevated levels of anxiety sensitivity (AS), the fear of anxiety and its consequences, places individuals at an increased risk for the development of anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder. It has shown that treating AS may reduce...
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a growing health concern in the United States, with more than a third of the population suffering from this disease. Deficits in many sensory processes such as olfaction, audition and vision have been linked...
Prolactin is a fertility hormone produced and released by the anterior pituitary gland. Normal changes in prolactin levels influence fertility and these changes are carefully regulated by neuroendocrine cells in the hypothalamus....
Research on inattentional blindness (IB) has uncovered few individual difference measures that predict failures to detect an unexpected event. Notably, no clear relationship exists between primary task performance and IB. This is...
This study assessed the extent to which multiple administrations of an intensity scale; in this case, the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), influences participant responding on subsequent administrations of the same scale. The...
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression involves a steady-state balance of acetylation carried about by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HATs act as transcriptional co-activators and HDACs interact...
Feeling powerful or powerless can affect the manner in which one processes persuasive appeals. Previous research suggests that people who lack power tend to engage in careful, deliberate forms of cognition. In contrast, high power has...
Cochlea removal results in the death of 20-30% of neurons in nucleus magnocellularis (NM), a cochlear nucleus of the chick auditory system involved in the precise time-coding of acoustic signals. Within 1 hr of deafferentation, ...
Many nutritionally beneficial plants contain bitter compounds that may cause people to exclude them from their diets. The perception of these compounds has been hypothesized to be modulated by the interaction of salivary proteins, but...
Music therapy is the evidence-based and clinical use of music interventions to accomplish the specific goals of an individual within a therapeutic relationship with a certified music therapist that has completed an approved music therapy...
Excessive alcohol consumption in middle-aged and older individuals is a growing concern as 72% of alcohol-poisoning deaths occur in adults 35 years and older. Treating alcohol-related pathologies requires an understanding of the factors...
The study of expertise and superior performance can be more imperative when performance is assessed in real-life conditions and professions. The present study’s aim was to capture the performance of expert marksmanship through the...
In contrast with research on community samples, which shows consistent evidence of reduced P3 brain potential amplitude in individuals with externalizing problems including impulsive and aggressive-antisocial tendencies, findings from...
College is an ideal setting to evaluate and treat mental health issues. Most mental health disorders have first onset by young adulthood and half of all young adults attend some form of post-secondary institution. Additionally, many...
It is generally accepted that atypical afferent input to sensory systems during development can lead to a number of abnormalities in target neurons and can even end in cell death. The brainstem auditory system of the chick proves to be a...
Previous studies suggest that the PER protein and its rhythmicity is the most critical component for clock functioning. This project expands on this premise to look at degradation methods used by mammals to degrade PER in the clock...
The aim of the present study was to examine the validity of classifying juvenile sexual offenders (JSO) by victim age based subgroups. JSOs were categorized into one of three subgroups (those who only offend against children, those who...
Improving group cooperation and coordination is one of the fundamental functions served by group leaders. Leaders therefore often work to increase the positive social bonds among group members. In the present research, the authors...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the multi-faceted nature of morphological knowledge, the relationship between morphological and vocabulary knowledge, and the relationship of these skills to reading comprehension in adults...
This study was designed to address the following questions (a) to what extent do teachers' judgments of students' academic competence and problematic behavior agree with direct assessments of reading and self-regulation? (b) to what...
Dysfunctional decision-making is characteristic of numerous psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, mood disorders, ADHD, eating disorders, pathological gambling and substance abuse. The rodent Gambling Task (rGT) is analogous to...
The purpose of this study was to examine the shared and unique associations of sadness rumination and anger rumination and their links to depressive and aggressive symptoms in pre/early adolescents. Children, seven through fourteen years...
After the discontinuation of Polycose, the most commonly used maltodextrin in past taste research, investigators have had to rely on other sources. Two newer sources, marketed as replacements, are Maltrin M580 by Grain Processing Corp....
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
