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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Development of the central nervous system is guided by patterns of molecular expression and by cellular interactions. One important component of the cellular interactions that guide development of neural pathways relates to the...
Prior research on suicide has cited impulsivity as a risk factor, yet little is known about the actual relationship between these variables. According to Joiner's (2005) interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidality, impulsive people...
In the face of a competitive marketplace, businesses are searching for effective solutions to managing employee work behavior. One such approach is through the systematic application of Organizational Behavior Management. While...
Differentiation of Obsessive-Compulsive, Anxiety Disordered and Non-Disordered Individuals by Variation in the Promoter Region of the Serotonin Transporter Gene
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a severe and debilitating anxiety disorder with relatively little known about its etiology. The serotonin-transporter gene is one likely place to start investigating the genotypes associated with...
A subpopulation of neurons in the chick cochlear nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis (NM), dies following cochlea removal. Previous studies using a "candidate molecule" approach, in which molecules known to regulate cell death in other...
Have you ever noticed when you are hungry and looking for something to eat, you can smell the freshly salted fries of McDonalds before seeing the golden arches? That is because our sense of smell, olfaction, is intimately linked with...
This manuscript uses sound localization circuitry in the chick brainstem to examine the balance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission maintained by neural circuits. This is a particular challenge in sensory systems, like the...
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning occurs after the pairing of a novel taste with a toxin (e.g. sucrose taste with LiCl toxin). The immediate early gene c-Fos is necessary for CTA learning, but c-Fos alone cannot be sufficient for...
My previous study suggests that the chorda tympani nerve (CT) is important in conveying fat taste information to the central nervous system, as bilateral transection of the CT (CTX) raises the taste discrimination threshold for the free...
This study assessed the extent to which multiple administrations of an intensity scale; in this case, the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), influences participant responding on subsequent administrations of the same scale. The...
Improving the Reliability and Validity of Visual Inspection of Data by Behavior Analysts: An Empirical Comparison of Two Training Methods to Improve Visual Inspection and Interpretation, the Job Aid and the Conservative Dual-Criteria
The present study compared the effects of two job aids on the behavior of visual data analysts. Twelve participants were randomly assigned to a CDC Lines Group, an Active Job Aid group, or a Control group and viewed a series of 56 within...
The present study compared the effects of two job aids on the behavior of visual data analysts. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to an active job aid group, a passive job aid group, or a control group and viewed a series of...
Abstract Superior decision-making in chess is thought to rely on a combination of knowledge and search. Research has focused primarily on the chess knowledge base reflected by the importance to chess research of the short-term memory...
It is generally accepted that atypical afferent input to sensory systems during development can lead to a number of abnormalities in target neurons and can even end in cell death. The brainstem auditory system of the chick proves to be a...
Since the scientific study of birdsong began in the late 1950s, songbirds have emerged as impressive neurobiological models for aspects of human verbal communication because they learn to sequence their song elements, analogous, in many...
Dysfunctional decision-making is characteristic of numerous psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, mood disorders, ADHD, eating disorders, pathological gambling and substance abuse. The rodent Gambling Task (rGT) is analogous to...
Suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death among 15-24 year olds in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2007). It is believed to be the second leading cause of death in college populations (Center for Disease...
In-school suspension is one of the most commonly used disciplinary procedures in schools today. It enjoys broad support from administrators, teachers, and parents and has become a favored alternative to out-of-school suspension. Despite...
Nucleus magnocellularis (NM) is a cochlear nucleus in the avian auditory brain stem which solely receives excitatory input from the auditory nerve fibers of cranial nerve VIII (cnVIII) and bilaterally innervates nucleus laminaris. The...
Numerous studies have implicated the serotonin transporter gene in influencing risk for various types of psychopathology (e.g., depression, anxiety) and associated traits (e.g., neuroticism, aggression). However, the literature in this...
This study examined the efficacy of brief functional assessment methodologies, including descriptive assessment and contingency reversal conditions, in determining function of ADHD behavior and the effects of stimulant medication in...
Neurogenesis in the adult brain has become an exciting research area in the past three decades. With the advent of new scientific methods and techniques, researchers have been able to identify and characterize new cells proliferating...
The positive effects of behavior analytic intervention for children with autism have been repeatedly documented (Cohen, Amerine-Dickens & Smith, 2006; Howard, et. al., 2005; Lovaas, 1987; McEachin, Smith & Lovaas, 1993; Sallows &...
Approximately 20-30% of neurons in the avian cochlear nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis (NM) die following deafferentation (i.e., deafness produced by cochlea removal) and there is no known treatment to prevent this cell death. Cell death...
Although the most commonly used psychiatric classification system in the United States (i.e., the DSM-IV) employs an exclusively categorical approach, many researchers have hypothesized that at least some psychological disorders exist...
In this study, three experiments were conducted to investigate how context affects meaning selection during the comprehension of sentences for more skilled and less skilled comprehenders. In all three experiments, a picture was presented...
Animals must eat to attain essential nutrients and energy for survival. Diet -- the types and quantities of food consumed -- is clearly tied to the overall health of humans and other animals. So, too, is the way in which those foods are...
As one of the leading causes of disease burden and disability in the world, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a persistent and ever expanding financial and public health concern. MDD is quite prevalent in children and adolescents with...
In a post-9/11 world, airport security has become a national priority. In 2005 the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) budget set aside $5.2 billion for the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and $851 million to improve...
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy in adults, and patients with TLE often suffer from seizures refractory to antiepileptic drugs. A deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of TLE is critical for...
Birdsong is a model system for the production of learned, serially ordered motor movements, such as playing a musical instrument or riding a bicycle. To this end, the neural mechanisms underlying birdsong have been studied in great depth...
Interference is a major cause of forgetting. Educational contexts in particular are rife with sources of interference. Avoiding interference in educational contexts is therefore a goal of researchers. Recent research has demonstrated...
While modern medicine has made enormous strides in improving patient care, treatment outcomes, and overall quality of life. It has become increasingly more clear that collaborative and highly interdisciplinary research is necessary to...
Speech production is a learned behavior requiring sensorimotor integration. For humans and other species that produce learned vocalizations, an individual must be exposed to sufficient auditory input, typically early in development. Then...
Sensory systems exploit parallel processing of stimulus features to enable rapid, simultaneous extraction of useful information. The mechanisms that facilitate differential extraction of stimulus features across neural pathways include...
Recently, we reported that bilateral gustatory cortex (GC) lesions significantly impair taste sensitivity to salts in rats. Here we sought to extend the range of tastants tested to include sucrose and quinine in rats with ibotenic acid...
Current models of normal reading behavior emphasize not only the recognition and processing of the word being fixated (n) but also processing of the upcoming parafoveal word (n+1). Gaze contingent displays employing the boundary paradigm...
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive drinking despite negative consequences. While a majority of the world’s population consumes alcohol in a controlled manner, there is a subset of...
In this study, I examined group differences in performance between video game players (VGPs) and non-video game players (NVGPs) on the complex learning task "Space Fortress". The primary goal of this investigation was to identify...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of three academic interventions on behavioral problems in preschool children. The 363 children who participated in this study were randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups...
The studies reported here suggest that elaborative encoding of a well-learned mnemonic structure facilitates effective retrieval by reducing demand for controlled attention. The literature provides conflicting support for how elaborative...
In the United States, obesity has reached epidemic proportions, with approximately 64 percent of the population considered overweight. Despite the fact that men and women are equally likely to be overweight, women who are overweight are...
In recent years, abnormalities in serotonin functioning have been detected in individuals with a variety of mental illnesses. One gene that helps regulate serotonergic function, the serotonin transporter gene, has been identified and...
Olfaction allows vertebrates to sense their chemical environment, and plays an important role in feeding behavior, reproduction, memory and learning. The first portion of the dissertation examined the signal transduction cascade in the...
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA), a form of associative learning, is characterized by behavioral changes after the pairing of a novel palatable taste such as sucrose with a toxin (such as lithium chloride), resulting in aversive...
The avian brainstem serves as a useful model to answer the question of how afferent activity influences viability of target neurons. Approximately 20-30% of neurons in the avian cochlear nucleus, nucleus magnocellularis (NM) die...
Elimination of eighth-nerve activity results in the death of 30% of the neurons in the chick cochlear nucleus, n. magnocellularis (NM). One early event in this cell death cascade is the disruption of ribosomes in NM neurons, which can be...
Engaging in post-encoding wakeful rest has been shown to lead to better retention of encoded information versus engaging in a post-encoding task. Brain imaging studies have shown that there is reactivation during post-encoding rest of...
In this Dissertation, the effects of various social stimuli on adult neurogenesis--the formation and functional integration of adult-generated neurons into the existing neuronal circuitry--were investigated in the socially monogamous...
Circadian rhythms describe behavioral and biological variables that demonstrate a periodicity of approximately 24 hours. Although such rhythms show consistent 24-hour patterns, differences exist in the timing of circadian phase position....
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
